Povijest #15: Kolonijalna carstva i imperijalizam (1871.-1914.)

Europe experiences the Second Industrial Revolution, with innovations such as electricity, steel, and the chemical industry, which boost economic power and urbanization. The Great Powers (Britain, France, Germany) divide Africa and Asia, creating vast colonial empires. The "Scramble for Africa" culminates in the Berlin Conference (1884–1885), while imperialism spreads to the Far East.

Nationalism grows, fueling tensions among European powers. Alliances (Triple Alliance and Entente) and militarization increase the risk of conflict. The Balkan Wars (1912–1913) further destabilize the region. Socially, labor movements and unions grow stronger, while socialism and feminism fight for rights. Culturally, Secession and Impressionism change art, and science advances through discoveries such as radio and the theory of relativity.

In the Croatian context, the emphasis is on the position within Austria-Hungary, the national revival, and the struggle for autonomy under the leadership of Stjepan Radić. The period ends on the eve of World War I, the causes of which lie in imperialist rivalries and national conflicts.