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Svetozar Marković (Zaječar, September 21, 1846 - Trieste, March 10, 1875) was an influential Serbian socialist thinker, politician and publicist of the second half of the 19th century. He published Radenik, the first socialist newspaper in Serbia and the Balkans. Marković was a fierce critic of Greater Serbia's politics and a pioneer of the idea of the Balkan Federation. He rejected "historical law", i.e. the restoration of Dušan's empire, as the basis for solving the Serbian question. He said that an attempt to restore this medieval state, which was not only Serbian and on whose territory irreversible historical processes took place, would make Serbia a conqueror on the outside, and a military-police state on the inside. Marković founded federalism as a constant of the Serbian left, as an alternative to the big-state ideology based on "historical law". He also rejected the clerical tradition as a basis for the unity of the Serbian people, and drew a dividing line with right-wing populism.