Hajduk Nikola Šuhaj

The novel is set in Subcarpathian Russia (today Ukraine, Transcarpathian Oblast) after World War I and the collapse of Austria-Hungary. The main character Nikola Šuhaj, a young peasant from the village of Kolochava, returns from the front. Due to poverty, injustice from landowners and the authorities, and the impossibility of a normal life, he becomes a hajduk – a bandit. He begins to rob rich Jews, merchants and Chetniks, but distributes the money to poor peasants, which makes him a folk hero and the Robin Hood of the Carpathians.

Olbracht subtly depicts social contrasts: the poverty of the Ruthenian peasants, corruption of the authorities, anti-Semitism and exploitation. Nikola is not idealized – he is brave, but also violent, and his life is full of danger. The novel culminates in betrayal: in 1921, his comrades kill him for a reward, and his head is cut off and displayed as a trophy.

The style is realistic with elements of folk legend and ballad: the author uses folklore motifs, dialectal expressions and an epic tone, creating a myth about a righteous bandit. The work is anti-war and socially critical, but without agitation - the emphasis is on the tragic fate of the individual in the chaos of post-war society.

The novel was a great success, was screened several times (eg the movie "Nikola Šuhaj loupežník" in 1978, directed by Jiří Sequens), and became part of the folk mythology of Transcarpathia. In Yugoslavia, it was popular in post-war editions, appreciated for its humanism and realistic portrayal of peasant life.